Abstract : The article aims to provide a state of knowledge in the literature on encopresis in the child psychiatric population. The general definition of the symptom and its analysis are presented according to different approaches. Then, the clinic of encopresis is described according to its specificities. The main associated disorders and psychiatric/psychosocial risk factors are discussed in detail. Regarding patient care, the multidisciplinary approach, including the complementarity with the paediatrician, is essential in a number of cases. Finally, family approach and the impact of trauma would be interesting research perspectives.