Abstract : Edoxaban (Lixiana®) is a new oral anticoagulant that selectively inhibits Xa coagulation factor. It was carefully evaluated in the treatment and secondary prevention of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in the Hokusai-VTE trial and in the prevention of systemic and cerebral embolisms in patients with non valvular atrial fibrillation in the ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 trial. In both studies, edoxaban has proven its non-inferiority regarding its efficacy compared with warfarin as reference treatment while demonstrating a superiority regarding safety. Especially, it was associated with a significantly lower incidence of major and/or non-major but clinically relevant bleeding episodes compared with warfarin, and a significant reduction in cerebral and fatal hemorrhages was shown in ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48. Edoxaban is prescribed at a dose of 60 mg once daily, which should be reduced to 30 mg once daily in patients with renal impairment (creatinine clearance between 15 and 50 ml/min), a body weight below or equal 60 kg and/or a concomitant therapy with some strong P-glycoprotein inhibitors. Lixiana® is reimbursed for the treatment and secondary prevention of venous thromboembolic disease as well as in patients with non valvular atrial fibrillation and the presence of at least another risk factor.