Abstract : PET/CT imaging of 18F-FPRGD2 allows the visualization and quantification of integrin alpha-5 beta-3 in tissues. This imaging technique was developed with the purpose of quantifying tumor angiogenesis and of assessing the efficacy of antiangiogenic treatments. However, the PET signal of 18F-FPRGD2 appears more complex as various tumor cell types, inflammatory cells and osteoclasts express the integrin alpha-5 beta-3 regulating cell interactions with the extracellular matrix. This article provides data of clinical studies evaluating 18F-FPRGD2 PET/CT imaging in patients with a renal mass or a locally advanced rectal carcinoma and finally reports on the incidental discovery of 18F-FPRGD2 uptake in osteoarticular processes such as osteoarthritis